Ethics in online journalism

For the last 5 months (and couple of weeks) I’ve been involved in an endevour to produce an ethics guideline for online journalists (and journalists in general) working in the Balkan region. The guidelines could be, of course, used in any media anywhere in the world.

The first face 2 face meeting was in the end of June in Sarajevo Media Center, and it was meant to start us thinking about the issues at hand, and probably the most important topic was whether online journalism ethics issues are any different than traditional media issues. And the answer is - no! But that needs a bit clarification.

Online media can be (and usually are) faster than traditional media, audience contribution is easier and is often considered a must for news sites, and integration of different types of media (video, audio, photo, text…) is possible. Those three aspects don’t change the ethics, but change the way different issues can be treated.

For instance, in printed media once you make an error, you can’t correct it. You can publish an apology later, but the damage is done and people who read it won’t be easily updated with new information. In online media, you can leave the error, mark it as such and ad valid information.

I don’t plan to star a great debate right now. A debate is ok, but a bit later. This post is here to say that right I’m at the final F2F session in which we are polishing different issues and pepare ourselves to be able to present these issues when asked to do so… The first day of this F2F is over and it was hard work, and even more hard work is waiting us tomorrow. Hopefully, in wednsday I’ll be able to say that guidelines are over and that soon we will have a small publication that can be used in training young journalists,.

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Twitter, Identi.ca & Plurk - which way to go?

During the last year or so, I enjoyed using several microblogging services. Of course, I started with Twitter. After resisting it for several weeks, I opened my account to send BlogOpen organizers my mission statuses. The mission being collecting keynote speaker at the airport and delivering her to Novi Sad. (Yes, that was for BlogOpen 07 conference.)

I then contiuned to use Twitter and got a bit tired of it. Then Identi.ca came along, new service same concept. The major difference, Identi.ca’s software (Laconica) is published under libre licence and therefore available to anyone interested to download, use, change etc. Since I am a big supporter of FLOSS I strongly encourage you to try this one.

And than Plurk came along. Completely different microblogging concept. Each micropost is like a small forum thread, socialization aspect is better, more fun, but possibility of using it outside your favourite browser minnimal.

To answer the question I started this post with. If you want to reach wide audience, have a lot of followers even if you don’t micropost regularly, Twitter should be your primary choice.

If you consider creating microblogging site for your business, to inform your customers of news etc. I encourage you to try Identi.ca and consider putting Laconi.ca on your own server.

And finally, if you like being inside your web browser constantly, Plurk is a must.

One suggestion to rule them all: use Ping.fm to update several microblogging services and soc.net. statuses at once!

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BlogOpen 2008

I admit I’m a very lazy blogger. The truth is, I write for other media too much and too often, and don’t have the strength and patience to write for myself… But every once in a while something has to be mentioned. Such thing is blogging conference BlogOpen 2008.

BlogOpen was started in spring 2007 with no particular goal other than gathering bloggers from the Balkan region. Autumn 2007 was a much more better organized conference with several interesting lectures (Gregor and Ervin form blogorola.com about their blog-print issue; Dejan Bizinger on different types of blogging; Vladislava Gordić-Petković on blogging and literature; and Stephanie Booth on Going Solo), two panels and a lot of visitors from several Balkan countries. (Read Stephanie’s post on previous conference.)

Now, the third instance of BlogOpen is about to happen. BlogOpen 2008 will take place in the town of Bor (about 220 km from Belgrade) and will also gather prominent lecturers and guests from the Balkan region. Everything you need to know about the third BlogOpen is here. I filled in and saw first hand that there is still enough accomodation for several more visitors. Since it is happening in two weeks time you can still do it!

Although I backed away from blogging in past months I still believe in it and have high hopes about the conference. It’s always a great place to meet known and new people, exchange thoughts and ideas, drink local beer… And since BlogOpen still didn’t take place in same town twice, it’s a good chance to go siteseeing somewhere new!

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Can Serbian government spy internet users?

Short answer is - yes it can! But that’s not too unusual. Governments around the world can spy their citizens doing different things - walking the streets (CCTV systems), exchanging snail mail (not that hard to open and close again without a trace), talking on the phone (bugs) and, in the digital age, surfing the web, IMing etc. There are different techniques, different devices…

But I ask this question because of the mess recent decision by Republic Telecommunication Agency caused. Excellent article by Danica Radovanović about it was published by Global Voices Online. From it you will understand what was RATEL’s decision all about and how did the Serbian blogosphere react. In my opinion, the reactions were overreactions. Why?

First, Many complained that the decision was made in secrecy, but it was published on RATEL’s website and all interested in RATEL’s activities could find it. Ultimately, that’s how people found out about it. Than, many thought that this means that Serbian government can spy all internet communications without any control… although the Constitution and several laws say that it’s not that easy. And, after it was explained that this decision is in compliance with Telecommunications Law and the Serbian Constitution, and that it only defines technical issues so that internet surveilance is possible, people continued ranting that this is not fair and that it will surely be misused.

I don’t want to defend the government, but I don’t like people jumping the gun and criticizing without first thinking about it. From my point of view, one of the issues no one talked about is connected to the obligation of ISPs to buy equipment government will use to follow internet communications. Why doesn’t the government provide such equipment for the providers? And that’s the only direct issue regarding this RATEL’s decision that should be discussed.

More important one is not connected only to this decision, but also to all governmental activities that go toward limiting citizen’s privacy, endangering their human rights etc. Control of what government (and it’s bodies) do is necessary and the only way to insure that technical capabilities do not produce misuse.

In my opinion, the most important thing that came out of such blogosphere overreaction is that it triggered mainstream media to follow the story, talk to all interested parties and help stream the discussion in useful direction. It also made Ministry of Telecommunications and Information Society and RATEL to react and explain what was the decision about.

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Blog vs Web vs PDF (magazine)

Recently, I was asked to help in finding IT related magazines that are published only on the internet… in Serbia. I concentrated on finding PDF magazine, thinking they are closest to printed issues, and, to my surprise, I found more than one. That one being GNUzilla for which I sometime write. And that got me thinking: why should someone choose to publish PDF issue, or run a standard Web magazine, or use blog as a platform for new age type of magazine?

For me PDF magazines are like print, only digital. They have a few benefits over print issues: low cost (you don’t actually print anything), cheap distribution (put it on your site, e-mail to subscribers etc.), and it can incorporate clickable links. URLs look cool on printed pages but you can’t click on them, while clicking on them in PDF magazines takes you to the web site. From the editorial point of view - creating a PDF magazine is fairly similar to creating one that is going to be printed. End result is practically the same and probably the most PDF magazines would get pritned if only their publishers have enough money. Since money is the key issue here, PDF magazines often start young, inexperienced people and their PDF issues mostly look like print magazine wannabees. They don’t use much of the digital potential just wait (in vein) for enough money to get printed eventually.

That might change - Adobe made it possible to easily combine PDF and Flash technologies to create what is called rich user experience. Basically, PDF document with flash animations, different multimedia, interactive and personalized elements. Although they think mostly about business rich media documents (ie. digital invoices), it can be used to create anything. Imagine a PDF newspaper with an image that turns into video when clicked on. That’s only one (lame) possible use of new age PDF. I think that many artistic magazines will benefit from new possibilities and take advante of Flex technology to create magazines that would otherwise be hard to publish. But PDF has one big flaw that will make it as obsolete (in publishing terms) as print is becoming these days - readers can’t leave their comments, discuss on different topics with other readers etc.

Web magazines allow that - comments, discussions. And they offer structure old school editors need. Once set up, web magazines rarely change it. That is a difficult task, no one wants to deal with it, but in the ever changing world of information, internet and reader’s/visitor’s expectations, at annual makeovers are a must! That said, web magazine do have some nice features that makes them a good choice for online publishing: you decide what is that structure, which articles and topics will be highlighted.

Looking in relation to PDF and blog magazines, web magazines are somewhere in the middle. “Invented” before blog became mainstream, still occupy a lot of space and probably won’t disappear, but they are not what the online generation needs. Because web magazines offer a feel similar to offline (and PDF) magazines they are great companions for such issues. Web magazine can follow the structure of offline issue and complement it with additional articles, information that couldn’t fit in the print etc. And that makes them a great tool to drive offline readers to the internet, especially in countries like Serbia where most internet users don’t actually use it?!

What most web magazine lack, blogs have - latest information on top (mostly no structure and editors don’t choose what’s on top), no need for structure (tags rule, use them!), faster informations… Since it is completely new way of publishing, blog magazines are usually started by small teams which then work faster, are more flexible and don’t resemble tradicional magazine organization. These new people create what new readers want and these new readers don’t care about formal language, strictly objective positions and other issues traditional journalists/magazines deal with everyday.

Readers of today want to have the latest information now. Don’t want to spend much time reading the article, don’t want to wait for the print issue to come by post (if subscribed) or go to the news stand to buy it. They don’t care if it was written buy “proper” journalist or a blogger and don’t need some editor to tell them which of the articles published are more important than others. They want to be able to find similar content easily (hence - use tags!).

And that’s just readers of today. What about tomorrow? Hard to say. That’s why blog magazines are the future. They can change easily, implement new stuff in a couple of clicks… All because of the way blog magazines are created and ran, something that Roy Greenslade recognized in his post about journalists and bloggers:

I have tended to predict that future news organisations will consist of a small hub of “professional journalists” at the centre with bloggers (aka amateur journalists/citizen journalists) on the periphery. In other words, us pros will still run the show.

I’m altogether less certain about that model now. First, I wonder whether us pros are as valuable as we think. Second, and more fundamentally, I wonder whether a “news organisation” is as perfect a model as we might think.

Leaving you with that to think about, hoping my thoughts are enough to start interesting discussions and pointing that I am probably as much wrong as I am right.

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What do I need?

I’m writing a blog in Serbian for about 2 years now and after first couple of months it was clear that I should’ve started in English from the beginning. Why? Because blogosphere is global and English is the global language. I wish to share my thoughts, ideas, experience, some knowledge etc. with readers who understand not only Serbian language.

I am not a full-time blogger. Since I work as a journalist, I write about a lot of things for different media, and don’t have the time or will to blog regularly. But I will try to put something online at least once a week.

And what will I write about? IT/internet/cyber related stuff mostly. I write about those regularly and don’t have the place to publish everything. Also, I will write about journalism the way it is changing by the new media. (I am a part of the group of journalists from the region that are preparing ethics guideline for online journalism.) Of course, some bits from my personal life will find it’s way here - but only when it is for the greater good. :)
In the end, what do I need? World peace… of course!

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